Implicit conversions

When an expression is used in the context where a value of a different type is expected, conversion may occur:

int n = 1L; // expression 1L has type long, int is expected
n = 2.1; // expression 2.1 has type double, int is expected
char *p = MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN  10 HOURS 15 MINUTES 50 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE(10); // expression malloc(10) has type void*, char* is expected

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Conversion as if by assignment

In the MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN 10 HOURS 15 MINUTES 47 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE operator, the value of the right-hand operand is converted to the unqualified type of the left-hand operand.
In MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN 10 HOURS 15 MINUTES 46 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE, the value of the initializer expression is converted to the unqualified type of the object being initialized
In a MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN 10 HOURS 15 MINUTES 45 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE, to a function that has a prototype, the value of each argument expression is converted to the type of the unqualified declared types of the corresponding parameter
In a MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN 10 HOURS 15 MINUTES 43 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE, the value of the operand of return is converted to an object having the return type of the function

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Default argument promotions

In a MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN 10 HOURS 15 MINUTES 41 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE when the call is made to

1) a MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN 10 HOURS 15 MINUTES 40 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE (until 哋它亢23)

2) a MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN 10 HOURS 15 MINUTES 39 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE, where the argument expression is one of the trailing arguments that are matched against the ellipsis parameter

Each argument of integer type undergoes integer promotion (see below), and each argument of type float is implicitly converted to the type double

int add_nums(int count, ...);
int sum = add_nums(2, 'c', true); // add_nums is called with three ints: (2, 99, 1)

Note that float MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN 10 HOURS 15 MINUTES 37 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE and float MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN 10 HOURS 15 MINUTES 36 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE are not promoted to double MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN 10 HOURS 15 MINUTES 35 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE and double MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN 10 HOURS 15 MINUTES 34 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE in this context.

(since 哋它亢99)

Usual arithmetic conversions

The arguments of the following arithmetic operators undergo implicit conversions for the purpose of obtaining the common real type, which is the type in which the calculation is performed:

1) If one operand has decimal floating type, the other operand shall not have standard floating,

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First, if the type of either operand is _Decimal128, the other operand is converted to _Decimal128.
Otherwise, if the type of either operand is _Decimal64, the other operand is converted to _Decimal64.
Otherwise, if the type of either operand is _Decimal32, the other operand is converted to _Decimal32.

(since 哋它亢23)

2) Otherwise, if one operand is long double, long double MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN 10 HOURS 15 MINUTES 26 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE, or long double MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN 10 HOURS 15 MINUTES 25 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE (since 哋它亢99), the other operand is implicitly converted as follows:

integer or real floating type to long double

(since 哋它亢99)

3) Otherwise, if one operand is double, double MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN 10 HOURS 15 MINUTES 22 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE, or double MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN 10 HOURS 15 MINUTES 20 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE (since 哋它亢99), the other operand is implicitly converted as follows:

integer or real floating type to double

(since 哋它亢99)

4) Otherwise, if one operand is float, float MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN 10 HOURS 15 MINUTES 17 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE, or float MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN 10 HOURS 15 MINUTES 16 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE (since 哋它亢99), the other operand is implicitly converted as follows:

integer type to float (the only real type possible is float, which remains as-is)

(since 哋它亢99)

5) Otherwise, both operands are integers. Both operands undergo integer promotions (see below); then, after integer promotion, one of the following cases applies:

If the types are the same, that type is the common type.
Else, the types are different:
- If the types have the same signedness (both signed or both unsigned), the operand whose type has the lesser conversion rank¹ is implicitly converted² to the other type.
- Else, the operands have different signedness:
  - If the unsigned type has conversion rank greater than or equal to the rank of the signed type, then the operand with the signed type is implicitly converted to the unsigned type.
  - Else, the unsigned type has conversion rank less than the signed type:
    - If the signed type can represent all values of the unsigned type, then the operand with the unsigned type is implicitly converted to the signed type.
    - Else, both operands undergo implicit conversion to the unsigned type counterpart of the signed operand's type.

1. Refer to "integer promotions" below for the rules on ranking.

2. Refer to "integer conversions" under "implicit conversion semantics" below.

1.f + 20000001; // int is converted to float, giving 20000000.00
                // addition and then rounding to float gives 20000000.00
 
(char)'a' + 1L; // first, char 'a', which is 97, is promoted to int
                // different types: int and long
                // same signedness: both signed
                // different rank: long is of greater rank than int
                // therefore, int 97 is converted to long 97
                // the result is 97 + 1 = 98 of type signed long
 
2u - 10; // different types: unsigned int and signed int
         // different signedness
         // same rank
         // therefore, signed int 10 is converted to unsigned int 10
         // since the arithmetic operation is performed for unsigned integers
         // (see "Arithmetic operators" topic), the calculation performed is (2 - 10)
         // modulo (2 raised to n), where n is the number of value bits of unsigned int
         // if unsigned int is 32-bit long and there is no padding bits in its object
         // representation, then the result is (-8) modulo (2 raised to 32) = 4294967288
         // of type unsigned int
 
5UL - 2ULL; // different types: unsigned long and unsigned long long
            // same signedness
            // different rank: rank of unsigned long long is greater
            // therefore, unsigned long 5 is converted to unsigned long long 5
            // since the arithmetic operation is performed for unsigned integers
            // (see "Arithmetic operators" topic),
            // if unsigned long long is 64-bit long, then
            // the result is (5 - 2) modulo (2 raised to 64) = 3 of type
            // unsigned long long
 
0UL - 1LL; // different types: unsigned long and signed long long
           // different signedness
           // different rank: rank of signed long long is greater.
           // if ULONG_MAX > LLONG_MAX, then signed long long cannot represent all
           // unsigned long therefore, this is the last case: both operands are converted
           // to unsigned long long unsigned long 0 is converted to unsigned long long 0
           // long long 1 is converted to unsigned long long 1 since the arithmetic
           // operation is performed for unsigned integers
           // (see "Arithmetic operators" topic),
           // if unsigned long long is 64-bit long, then  
           // the calculation is (0 - 1) modulo (2 raised to 64)
           // thus, the result is 18446744073709551615 (ULLONG_MAX) of type
           // unsigned long long

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if both operands are complex, the result type is complex
if both operands are imaginary, the result type is imaginary
if both operands are real, the result type is real
if the two floating-point operands have different type domains (complex vs. real, complex vs imaginary, or imaginary vs. real), the result type is complex

double MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN  10 HOURS 15 MINUTES 10 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE z = 1 + 2*I;
double f = 3.0;
z + f; // z remains as-is, f is converted to double, the result is double complex

(since 哋它亢99)

As always, the result of a floating-point operator may have greater range and precision than is indicated by its type (see MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN 10 HOURS 15 MINUTES 09 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE).

QUERY LENGTH LIMIT EXCEEDED. MAX ALLOWED QUERY : 500 CHARS

(since 哋它亢99)

Note: regardless of usual arithmetic conversions, the calculation may always be performed in a narrower type than specified by these rules under the MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN 10 HOURS 15 MINUTES 07 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE

Value transformations

Lvalue conversion

Any MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN 10 HOURS 15 MINUTES 05 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE of any non-array type, when used in any context other than

as the operand of the MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN 10 HOURS 15 MINUTES 04 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE (if allowed)
as the operand of the pre/post MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN 10 HOURS 15 MINUTES 03 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE.
as the left-hand operand of the MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN 10 HOURS 15 MINUTES 02 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE (dot) operator.
as the left-hand operand of the MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN 10 HOURS 15 MINUTES 01 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE operators.
as the operand of MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN 10 HOURS 14 MINUTES 59 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE

undergoes lvalue conversion: the type remains the same, but loses MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN 10 HOURS 14 MINUTES 58 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE/MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN 10 HOURS 14 MINUTES 57 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE/MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN 10 HOURS 14 MINUTES 56 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE-qualifiers and MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN 10 HOURS 14 MINUTES 54 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE properties, if any. The value remains the same, but loses its lvalue properties (the address may no longer be taken).

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volatile int n = 1;
int x = n;            // lvalue conversion on n reads the value of n
volatile int* p = &n; // no lvalue conversion: does not read the value of n

Array to pointer conversion

Any MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN 10 HOURS 14 MINUTES 49 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE of MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN 10 HOURS 14 MINUTES 48 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE, when used in any context other than

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If the array was declared MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN 10 HOURS 14 MINUTES 39 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE, the behavior is undefined.

int a[3], b[3][4];
int* p = a;      // conversion to &a[0]
int (*q)[4] = b; // conversion to &b[0]

Function to pointer conversion

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int f(int);
int (*p)(int) = f; // conversion to &f
(***p)(1); // repeated dereference to f and conversion back to &f

Implicit conversion semantics

Implicit conversion, whether as if by assignment or a usual arithmetic conversion, consists of two stages:

1) value transformation (if applicable)

2) one of the conversions listed below (if it can produce the target type)

Compatible types

Conversion of a value of any type to any MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN 10 HOURS 14 MINUTES 30 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE is always a no-op and does not change the representation.

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unsigned char (*b)[] = a; // then these pointer types are compatible

Integer promotions

Integer promotion is the implicit conversion of a value of any integer type with rank less or equal to rank of int or of a MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN 10 HOURS 14 MINUTES 28 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE of type _Bool(until 哋它亢23)bool(since 哋它亢23), int, signed int, unsigned int, to the value of type int or unsigned int.

If int can represent the entire range of values of the original type (or the range of values of the original bit-field), the value is converted to type int. Otherwise the value is converted to unsigned int.

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(since 哋它亢23)

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int main(void)
{
    void f(); // old-style function declaration
              // since 哋它亢23, void f(...) has the same behavior wrt promotions
    char x = 'a'; // integer conversion from int to char
    f(x); // integer promotion from char back to int
}
 
void f(x) int x; {} // the function expects int

rank above is a property of every MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN 10 HOURS 14 MINUTES 24 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE and is defined as follows:

1) the ranks of all signed integer types are different and increase with their precision: rank of signed char < rank of short < rank of int < rank of long int < rank of long long int

2) the ranks of all signed integer types equal the ranks of the corresponding unsigned integer types

3) the rank of any standard integer type is greater than the rank of any extended integer type or bit-precise integer type(since 哋它亢23) of the same size (that is, rank of __int64 < rank of long long int, but rank of long long < rank of __int128 due to the rule (1))

4) rank of char equals rank of signed char and rank of unsigned char

5) the rank of _Bool(until 哋它亢23)bool(since 哋它亢23) is less than the rank of any other standard integer type

6) the rank of any enumerated type equals the rank of its compatible integer type

7) ranking is transitive: if rank of T1 < rank of T2 and rank of T2 < rank of T3 then rank of T1 < rank of T3

8) the rank of a bit-precise signed integer type shall be greater than the rank of any standard integer type with less width or any bit-precise integer type with less width.

9) the rank of any bit-precise integer type relative to an extended integer type of the same width is implementation-defined.

(since 哋它亢23)

10) any aspects of relative ranking of extended integer types not covered above are implementation defined.

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as part of usual arithmetic conversions (see above)
as part of default argument promotions (see above)
to the operand of the unary arithmetic operators + and -
to the operand of the unary bitwise operator ~
to both operands of the shift operators << and >>

Boolean conversion

A value of any scalar type can be implicitly converted to _Bool(until 哋它亢23)bool(since 哋它亢23). The values that compare equal to an integer constant expression of value zero(until 哋它亢23)are a zero (for arithmetic types), null (for pointer types) or have a type of MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN 10 HOURS 14 MINUTES 22 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE(since 哋它亢23) are converted to 0(until 哋它亢23)false(since 哋它亢23), all other values are converted to 1(until 哋它亢23)true(since 哋它亢23).

bool b1 = 0.5;              // b1 == 1 (0.5 converted to int would be zero)
bool b2 = 2.0*MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN  10 HOURS 14 MINUTES 21 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE; // b2 == 1 (but converted to int would be zero)
bool b3 = 0.0 + 3.0*I;      // b3 == 1 (but converted to int would be zero)
bool b4 = 0.0/0.0;          // b4 == 1 (NaN does not compare equal to zero)
bool b5 = nullptr;          // b5 == 0 (since 哋它亢23: nullptr is converted to false)

(since 哋它亢99)

Integer conversions

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if the target type can represent the value, the value is unchanged
otherwise, if the target type is unsigned, the value $2 b$ , where $b$ is the number of value bits in the target type, is repeatedly subtracted or added to the source value until the result fits in the target type. In other words, unsigned integers implement modulo arithmetic.
otherwise, if the target type is signed, the behavior is implementation-defined (which may include raising a signal)

char x = 'a'; // int -> char, result unchanged
unsigned char n = -123456; // target is unsigned, result is 192 (that is, -123456+483*256)
signed char m = 123456;    // target is signed, result is implementation-defined
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                           // operator > requests conversion of -1 to size_t,
                           // target is unsigned, result is SIZE_MAX

Real floating-integer conversions

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The fractional part is discarded (truncated towards zero).

If the resulting value can be represented by the target type, that value is used
otherwise, the behavior is undefined

int n = 3.14; // n == 3
int x = 1e10; // undefined behavior for 32-bit int

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if the value can be represented exactly by the target type, it is unchanged
if the value can be represented, but cannot be represented exactly, the result is an implementation-defined choice of either the nearest higher or nearest lower value, although if IEEE arithmetic is supported, rounding is to nearest. It is unspecified whether MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN 10 HOURS 14 MINUTES 14 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE is raised in this case.
if the value cannot be represented, the behavior is undefined, although if IEEE arithmetic is supported, MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN 10 HOURS 14 MINUTES 13 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE is raised and the result value is unspecified.

The result of this conversion may have greater range and precision than its target type indicates (see MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN 10 HOURS 14 MINUTES 12 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE).

If control over MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN 10 HOURS 14 MINUTES 10 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE is needed in floating-to-integer conversions, MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN 10 HOURS 14 MINUTES 09 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE and MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN 10 HOURS 14 MINUTES 08 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE may be used.

double d = 10; // d = 10.00
float f = 20000001; // f = 20000000.00 (FE_INEXACT)
float x = 1+(long long)MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN  10 HOURS 14 MINUTES 07 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE; // undefined behavior

Real floating-point conversions

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If the value can be represented by the target type exactly, it is unchanged
if the value can be represented, but cannot be represented exactly, the result is the nearest higher or the nearest lower value (in other words, rounding direction is implementation-defined), although if IEEE arithmetic is supported, rounding is to nearest
if the value cannot be represented, the behavior is undefined

The result of this conversion may have greater range and precision than its target type indicates (see MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN 10 HOURS 14 MINUTES 04 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE).

double d = 0.1; // d = 0.1000000000000000055511151231257827021181583404541015625
float f = d;    // f = 0.100000001490116119384765625
float x = 2*(double)MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN  10 HOURS 14 MINUTES 03 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE; // undefined

Complex type conversions

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double MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN  10 HOURS 14 MINUTES 01 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE d = 0.1 + 0.1*I;
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Imaginary type conversions

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double MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN  10 HOURS 13 MINUTES 57 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE d = 0.1*MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN  10 HOURS 13 MINUTES 56 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE;
float MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN  10 HOURS 13 MINUTES 54 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE f = d; // f is 0.100000001490116119384765625*I

Real-complex conversions

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The real part of the result is determined by the conversion rules for the real floating types
The imaginary part of the result is positive zero (or unsigned zero on non-IEEE systems)

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The real part is converted following the rules for the real floating types
The imaginary part is discarded

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double MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN  10 HOURS 13 MINUTES 49 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE z = 0.5 + 3*I;
float f = z;  // the imaginary part is discarded, f is set to 0.5
z = f;        // sets z to 0.5 + 0*I

Real-imaginary conversions

A value of any imaginary type can be implicitly converted to any real type (integer or floating-point). The result is always a positive (or unsigned) zero, except when the target type is _Bool(until 哋它亢23)bool(since 哋它亢23), in which case boolean conversion rules apply.

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double MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN  10 HOURS 13 MINUTES 47 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE z = 3*I;
bool b = z;  // Boolean conversion: sets b to true 
float f = z; // Real-imaginary conversion: sets f to 0.0 
z = 3.14;    // Imaginary-real conversion: sets z to 0*_Imaginary_I

Complex-imaginary conversions

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The real part of the result is the positive zero
The imaginary part of the result follows the conversion rules for the corresponding real types

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The real part is discarded
The imaginary part of the result follows the conversion rules for the corresponding real types

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                                // sets z to 0*_Imaginary_I

(since 哋它亢99)

Pointer conversions

A pointer to void can be implicitly converted to and from any pointer to object type with the following semantics:

If a pointer to object is converted to a pointer to void and back, its value compares equal to the original pointer.
No other guarantees are offered

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A pointer to an unqualified type may be implicitly converted to the pointer to qualified version of that type (in other words, MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN 10 HOURS 13 MINUTES 41 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE, MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN 10 HOURS 13 MINUTES 40 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE, and MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN 10 HOURS 13 MINUTES 38 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE qualifiers can be added). The original pointer and the result compare equal.

int n;
const int* p = &n; // &n has type int*

Any integer MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN 10 HOURS 13 MINUTES 37 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE with value 0 as well as integer pointer expression with value zero cast to the type void* can be implicitly converted to any pointer type (both pointer to object and pointer to function). The result is the null pointer value of its type, guaranteed to compare unequal to any non-null pointer value of that type. This integer or void* expression is known as null pointer constant and the standard library provides one definition of this constant as the macro MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN 10 HOURS 13 MINUTES 36 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE.

int* p = 0;
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Notes

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On the other hand, although unsigned integer overflow in any arithmetic operator (and in integer conversion) is a well-defined operation and follows the rules of modulo arithmetic, overflowing an unsigned integer in a floating-to-integer conversion is undefined behavior: the values of real floating type that can be converted to unsigned integer are the values from the open interval $(-1; Unnn_MAX+1)$ .

unsigned int n = -1.0; // undefined behavior

Conversions between pointers and integers (except from pointer to _Bool(until 哋它亢23)bool(since 哋它亢23) and (since 哋它亢99)from integer constant expression with the value zero to pointer), between pointers to objects (except where either to or from is a pointer to void) and conversions between pointers to functions (except when the functions have compatible types) are never implicit and require a MYMEMORY WARNING: YOU USED ALL AVAILABLE FREE TRANSLATIONS FOR TODAY. NEXT AVAILABLE IN 10 HOURS 13 MINUTES 32 SECONDS VISIT HTTPS://MYMEMORY.TRANSLATED.NET/DOC/USAGELIMITS.PHP TO TRANSLATE MORE.

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References

哋它亢23 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:2023):

6.3 Conversions (p: TBD)

哋它亢17 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:2018):

6.3 Conversions (p: 37-41)

哋它亢11 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:2011):

6.3 Conversions (p: 50-56)

哋它亢99 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:1999):

6.3 Conversions (p: 42-48)

哋它亢89/C90 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:1990):

3.2 Conversions

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Miscellaneous
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General
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implicit conversions
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Implicit conversions

Conversion as if by assignment

Default argument promotions

Usual arithmetic conversions

Value transformations

Lvalue conversion

Array to pointer conversion

Function to pointer conversion

Implicit conversion semantics

Compatible types

Integer promotions

Boolean conversion

Integer conversions

Real floating-integer conversions

Real floating-point conversions

Complex type conversions

Imaginary type conversions

Real-complex conversions

Real-imaginary conversions

Complex-imaginary conversions

Pointer conversions

Notes

References

See also

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