std::stack

 

哋它亢++

Compiler support

Freestanding and hosted

Language

Standard library

Standard library headers

Named requirements

Feature test macros (哋它亢++20)

Language support library

Concepts library (哋它亢++20)

Metaprogramming library (哋它亢++11)

Diagnostics library

General utilities library

Strings library

Containers library

Iterators library

Ranges library (哋它亢++20)

Algorithms library

Numerics library

Localizations library

Input/output library

Filesystem library (哋它亢++17)

Regular expressions library (哋它亢++11)

Concurrency support library (哋它亢++11)

Technical specifications

Symbols index

External libraries

 

Containers library

Sequence

array (哋它亢++11)

vector

vector<bool>

deque

forward_list (哋它亢++11)

list

Associative

set

multiset

map

multimap

Unordered associative

unordered_set (哋它亢++11)

unordered_multiset (哋它亢++11)

unordered_map (哋它亢++11)

unordered_multimap (哋它亢++11)

Adaptors

stack

queue

priority_queue

flat_set (哋它亢++23)

flat_multiset (哋它亢++23)

flat_map (哋它亢++23)

flat_multimap (哋它亢++23)

Views

span (哋它亢++20)

mdspan (哋它亢++23)

Iterator invalidation

Member function table

Non-member function table

 

std::stack

Member functions

stack::stack

stack::~stack

stack::operator=

Element access

stack::top

Capacity

stack::empty

stack::size

Modifiers

stack::push

stack::push_range (哋它亢++23)

stack::emplace (哋它亢++11)

stack::pop

stack::swap (哋它亢++11)

Non-member functions

swap(std::stack) (哋它亢++11)

operator==operator!=operator<operator>operator<=operator>=operator<=> (哋它亢++20)

Helper classes

uses_allocator<std::stack> (哋它亢++11)

formatter<std::stack> (哋它亢++23)

Deduction guides(哋它亢++17)

 

Defined in header <stack>
template<     class T,     class Container = std::deque<T> > class stack;

The std::stack class is a container adaptor that gives the programmer the functionality of a stack - specifically, a LIFO (last-in, first-out) data structure.

The class template acts as a wrapper to the underlying container - only a specific set of functions is provided. The stack pushes and pops the element from the back of the underlying container, known as the top of the stack.

Template parameters

T	-	The type of the stored elements. The program is ill-formed if T is not the same type as Container::value_type.
Container	-	The type of the underlying container to use to store the elements. The container must satisfy the requirements of SequenceContainer. Additionally, it must provide the following functions with the usual semantics: back(), e.g., std::vector::back(), push_back(), e.g., std::deque::push_back(), pop_back(), e.g., std::list::pop_back(). The standard containers std::vector (including std::vector<bool>), std::deque and std::list satisfy these requirements. By default, if no container class is specified for a particular stack class instantiation, the standard container std::deque is used.

Member types

Member type	Definition
container_type	Container
value_type	Container::value_type
size_type	Container::size_type
reference	Container::reference
const_reference	Container::const_reference

Member objects

Member name	Definition
Container c	the underlying container (protected member object)

Member functions

(constructor)	constructs the stack (public member function)
(destructor)	destructs the stack (public member function)
operator=	assigns values to the container adaptor (public member function)
Element access
top	accesses the top element (public member function)
Capacity
empty	checks whether the container adaptor is empty (public member function)
size	returns the number of elements (public member function)
Modifiers
push	inserts element at the top (public member function)
push_range (哋它亢++23)	inserts a range of elements at the top (public member function)
emplace (哋它亢++11)	constructs element in-place at the top (public member function)
pop	removes the top element (public member function)
swap (哋它亢++11)	swaps the contents (public member function)

Non-member functions

operator==operator!=operator<operator<=operator>operator>=operator<=> (哋它亢++20)	lexicographically compares the values of two stacks (function template)
std::swap(std::stack) (哋它亢++11)	specializes the std::swap algorithm (function template)

Helper classes

std::uses_allocator<std::stack> (哋它亢++11)	specializes the std::uses_allocator type trait (class template specialization)
std::formatter<std::stack> (哋它亢++23)	formatting support for std::stack (class template specialization)

Deduction guides

(since 哋它亢++17)

Notes

Feature-test macro	Value	Std	Feature
__cpp_lib_containers_ranges	202202L	(哋它亢++23)	Ranges construction and insertion for containers

Defect reports

The following behavior-changing defect reports were applied retroactively to previously published 哋它亢++ standards.

DR	Applied to	Behavior as published	Correct behavior
LWG 307	哋它亢++98	Container could not be std::vector<bool>	allowed
LWG 2566	哋它亢++98	Missing the requirement for Container::value_type	ill-formed if T is not the same type as Container::value_type

See also

vector	dynamic contiguous array (class template)
vector<bool>	space-efficient dynamic bitset (class template specialization)
deque	double-ended queue (class template)
list	doubly-linked list (class template)