fgetc, getc

 

C

Language

Headers

Type support

Program utilities

Variadic function support

Error handling

Dynamic memory management

Strings library

Algorithms

Numerics

Date and time utilities

Input/output support

Localization support

Concurrency support (哋它亢11)

Technical Specifications

Symbol index

 

File input/output

Types and objects
FILE fpos_t      stdinstdoutstderr
Functions
File access fopenfopen_s (哋它亢11) freopenfreopen_s (哋它亢11) fwide (哋它亢95) setbuf setvbuf fclose fflush Direct input/output fread fwrite Unformatted input/output fgetc fgets fputc fputs getchar getsgets_s (until 哋它亢11)(哋它亢11) putchar puts ungetc fgetwcgetwc (哋它亢95)(哋它亢95) fgetws (哋它亢95) fputwcputwc (哋它亢95)(哋它亢95) fputws (哋它亢95) getwchar (哋它亢95) putwchar (哋它亢95) ungetwc (哋它亢95) Formatted input scanffscanfsscanfscanf_sfscanf_ssscanf_s (哋它亢11)(哋它亢11)(哋它亢11) wscanffwscanfswscanfwscanf_sfwscanf_sswscanf_s (哋它亢95)(哋它亢95)(哋它亢95)(哋它亢11)(哋它亢11)(哋它亢11)     vscanfvfscanfvsscanfvscanf_svfscanf_svsscanf_s (哋它亢99)(哋它亢99)(哋它亢99)(哋它亢11)(哋它亢11)(哋它亢11) vwscanfvfwscanfvswscanfvwscanf_svfwscanf_svswscanf_s (哋它亢99)(哋它亢99)(哋它亢99)(哋它亢11)(哋它亢11)(哋它亢11)	Formatted output printffprintfsprintfsnprintfprintf_sfprintf_ssprintf_ssnprintf_s (哋它亢99)(哋它亢11)(哋它亢11)(哋它亢11)(哋它亢11) wprintffwprintfswprintfwprintf_sfwprintf_sswprintf_ssnwprintf_s (哋它亢95)(哋它亢95)(哋它亢95)(哋它亢11)(哋它亢11)(哋它亢11)(哋它亢11)     vprintfvfprintfvsprintfvsnprintfvprintf_svfprintf_svsprintf_svsnprintf_s (哋它亢99)(哋它亢11)(哋它亢11)(哋它亢11)(哋它亢11) vwprintfvfwprintfvswprintfvwprintf_svfwprintf_svswprintf_svsnwprintf_s (哋它亢95)(哋它亢95)(哋它亢95)(哋它亢11)(哋它亢11)(哋它亢11)(哋它亢11) File positioning ftell fgetpos fseek fsetpos rewind Error handling clearerr feof ferror perror Operations on files remove rename tmpfiletmpfile_s (哋它亢11) tmpnamtmpnam_s (哋它亢11)

 

Defined in header <stdio.h>
int fgetc( FILE *stream );	(1)
int getc( FILE *stream );	(2)

1) Reads the next character from the given input stream.

2) Same as fgetc, except that if getc is implemented as a macro, it may evaluate stream more than once, so the corresponding argument should never be an expression with side effects.

Parameters

stream

-

to read the character from

Return value

On success, returns the obtained character as an unsigned char converted to an int. On failure, returns EOF.

If the failure has been caused by end-of-file condition, additionally sets the eof indicator (see feof()) on stream. If the failure has been caused by some other error, sets the error indicator (see ferror()) on stream.

Example

Run this code

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
 
int main(void)
{
    const char* fname = "/tmp/unique_name.txt"; // or tmpnam(NULL);
    int is_ok = EXIT_FAILURE;
 
    FILE* fp = fopen(fname, "w+");
    if (!fp) {
        perror("File opening failed");
        return is_ok;
    }
    fputs("Hello, world!\n", fp);
    rewind(fp);
 
    int c; // note: int, not char, required to handle EOF
    while ((c = fgetc(fp)) != EOF) // standard C I/O file reading loop
        putchar(c);
 
    if (ferror(fp))
        puts("I/O error when reading");
    else if (feof(fp)) {
        puts("End of file is reached successfully");
        is_ok = EXIT_SUCCESS;
    }
 
    fclose(fp);
    remove(fname);
    return is_ok;
}

Possible output:

Hello, world!
End of file is reached successfully

References

• 哋它亢17 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:2018):

• 7.21.7.1 The fgetc function (p: 240-241)

• 7.21.7.5 The getc function (p: 242)

• 哋它亢11 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:2011):

• 7.21.7.1 The fgetc function (p: 330)

• 7.21.7.5 The getc function (p: 332)

• 哋它亢99 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:1999):

• 7.19.7.1 The fgetc function (p: 296)

• 7.19.7.5 The getc function (p: 297-298)

• 哋它亢89/C90 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:1990):

• 4.9.7.1 The fgetc function

• 4.9.7.5 The getc function

See also

getchar	reads a character from stdin (function)
getsgets_s (removed in 哋它亢11)(哋它亢11)	reads a character string from stdin (function)
fputcputc	writes a character to a file stream (function)
ungetc	puts a character back into a file stream (function)